{"id":689,"date":"2016-10-14T22:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-14T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2016-10-14T22:00:00","modified_gmt":"2016-10-14T22:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zbl.lzmk.hr\/?p=689","title":{"rendered":"KLEIN, Emanuel (Emmanuel)"},"content":{"rendered":"

KLEIN, Emanuel (Emmanuel),<\/span> bakteriolog, histolog i fiziolog (Osijek, 31. X. 1844 \u2013 Hove, Velika Britanija, 9. II. 1925). Gimnaziju je zavr\u0161io u Osijeku 1863, a medicinu studirao u Be\u010du, gdje je diplomirao 1869. Nakon zavr\u0161etka studija ostao je u Be\u010du u laboratoriju fiziologa Ernsta Wilhelma Br\u00fcckea, potom pre\u0161ao eksperimentalnomu patologu Salamonu Strickeru, gdje je ubrzo imenovan privatnim docentom. God. 1871. poslan je u London da dogovori uvjete za prijevod Strickerova priru\u010dnika Handbuch der Lehre von den Geweben des Menschen und der Thiere.<\/span> Idu\u0107e je god. pozvan za asistenta u Brown Sanatory Institution, novoosnovanu ustanovu koja se bavila istra\u017eivanjem patologije, klinike i epidemiologije \u017eivotinja, i ondje radio do 1897. Na poziv Michaela Bakera 1872. je odr\u017eao predavanje u bolnici Saint Bartholomew, gdje je potom bio predava\u010d iz histologije (1872\u201384), op\u0107e anatomije i fiziologije (1884\u20131900) te bakteriologije (1903\u201311). O\u0161tre je kritike izazvao gledi\u0161tem o opravdanosti sekcije \u017eivih \u017eivotinja u znanstvene svrhe, iznesenim 1876. pred Kraljevskim povjerenstvom za vivisekciju. God. 1885. poslan je radi prou\u010davanja kolere u Indiju, gdje je, suprotno Robertu Kochu, pogre\u0161no zaklju\u010dio da vibrion nije uzro\u010dnik te bolesti. Od 1889. bio je profesor bakteriologije u londonskom College of State Medicine. Sura\u0111ivao je s mnogim istaknutim znanstvenicima toga doba; odr\u017eao je vezu i s hrv. prirodoslovcima, ponajprije Franjom Furli\u0107em, kojemu je darovao mikroskop za osje\u010dku gimnaziju. Najvi\u0161e se bavio istra\u017eivanjem na podru\u010dju histologije, posebno istra\u017eivanjem epitela mukoznih i seroznih membrana, \u017elijezda mekoga nepca, uvule i timusa, razvojnom histologijom pojedinih \u017eivotinja te histologijom limfnoga i krvo\u017eilnoga sustava. Prou\u010davao je i razli\u010dite bolesti (boginje, tifus, \u0161arlah, antraks, kolera, difterija, kuga), njihove uzro\u010dnike i na\u010dine \u0161irenja. Dokazao je streptokoknu etiologiju \u0161arlaha i otkrio Bacillus enteridis sporogenes,<\/span> koji nosi njegovo ime. Iako bez formalne izobrazbe iz bakteriologije, poznavanjem morfologije i histologije imao je nagnu\u0107e za njezino razumijevanje pa ga se dr\u017ei pionirom bakteriologije u Engleskoj, premda su se njegovi pristupi i rezultati katkad razlikovali od revolucionarnih mikrobiolo\u0161kih otkri\u0107a toga doba. Objavio je vi\u0161e od 260 radova, od kojih 200 iz bakteriologije, u izdanjima Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften<\/span> (1867\u201368, 1870\u201371), Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science<\/span> (1871\u201384), Monthly Microscopical Journal<\/span> (1872), Zentralblatt f\u00fcr die medizinischen Wissenschaften<\/span> (1874),Proceedings of the Royal Society<\/span> (1874), Lancet<\/span> (1879, 1886\u201387, 1889, 1891, 1894 \u201396, 1901, 1903, 1905\u201308), Zentralblatt f\u00fcr Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten<\/span> (1897) te u londonskim \u010dasopisima British Medical Journal, Public Health<\/span> i dr. Bio je \u010dlan Royal Society od 1875, jedan od utemeljitelja dru\u0161tva Medical Research Club 1891. i suurednik \u010dasopisa Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science<\/span> 1877\u201392.<\/p>\n

DJELA:<\/span> The Anatomy of the Lymphatic System,<\/span> 1\u20132. London 1873\u20131875. \u2013 Handbook for the Physiological Laboratory<\/span> (suautor). London 1873. \u2013 Atlas of Histology<\/span> (suautor E. N. Smith). London 1879\u20131880. \u2013 Elements of Histology. <\/span>London 1883 (3. prera\u0111eno i dopunjeno izd. (suautor J. S. Edkins) London 1898, Philadelphia\u2013New York 1898. \u2013 Micro-organisms and Disease<\/span> (suautor H. Gibbes). London 1884, 18852, 18863, 18964 (prera\u0111eno). \u2013 An Inquiry into the Etiology of Asiatic Cholera<\/span>. London 1885. \u2013 The Bacteria in Asiatic Cholera<\/span>. London\u2013New York 1889. \u2013 The Etiology and Pathology of Grouse Disease, Fowl Enteritis, and Some Other Diseases Affecting Birds<\/span>. London 1892. \u2013 Experiments and Observations on the Vitality of the Bacillus of Typhoid Fever and of Sewage Microbes in Oysters and Other Shellfish. <\/span>London 1905. \u2013 Studies in Bacteriology and Etiology of Oriental Plague<\/span>. London\u2013New York 1906.<\/p>\n

LIT.:<\/span> J. F. Kirk: A Supplement to Allibone\u2019s Critical Dictionary of English Literature and British and American Authors,<\/span> 2. London 1891. \u2013 W. Bulloch: Emanuel Klein<\/span>. Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology, 28(1925). \u2013 Isti: The History of Bacteriology<\/span>. London 1938. \u2013 Z. Levntal: Osje\u010danin E. Klein \u2013 histolog i pionir engleske bakteriologije<\/span>. Higijena, 10(1958) 2. \u2013 M. D. Grmek: Hrvatska medicinska bibliografija. Opis tiskanih knjiga i \u010dlanaka s podru\u010dja humane i veterinarske medicine i farmacije, koji se odnose na Hrvatsku,<\/span> sv. 2, 1876\u20131918. Zagreb 1970. \u2013 V. Utvi\u0107: Emanuel Klein, jedan zaboravljeni Osje\u010danin<\/span>. Medicinski vjesnik, 6(1974) 1. \u2013 M. D. Grmek: Doprinos hrvatskih lije\u010dnika medicinskim znanostima u svijetu (od srednjeg vijeka do 1918. godine)<\/span>. Ibid., 27(1995) 1\/2. \u2013 P. P. Mortimer: The Bacteria Craze of the 1880s.<\/span> Lancet, 353(1999) 9152. \u2013 M. Ogawa: Uneasy Bedfellows. Science and Politics in the Refutation of Koch\u2019s Bacterial Theory of Cholera<\/span>. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 74(2000) 4. \u2013 Gimnazije u Osijeku 1729.\u20132000.<\/span> Zagreb\u2013Osijek 2001. \u2013 Hrvati predava\u010di na inozemnim (sve)u\u010dili\u0161tima<\/span>. Zagreb 2003. \u2013 S. Fatovi\u0107-Feren\u010di\u0107: Klein, Emanuel<\/span>. Hrvatski biografski leksikon, 7. Zagreb 2009.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

KLEIN, Emanuel (Emmanuel), bakteriolog, histolog i fiziolog (Osijek, 31. X. 1844 \u2013 Hove, Velika Britanija, 9. II. 1925). Gimnaziju je zavr\u0161io u Osijeku 1863, a medicinu studirao u Be\u010du, gdje je diplomirao 1869. Nakon zavr\u0161etka studija ostao je u Be\u010du u laboratoriju fiziologa Ernsta Wilhelma Br\u00fcckea, potom pre\u0161ao eksperimentalnomu patologu Salamonu Strickeru, gdje je ubrzo … Nastavi \u010ditati “KLEIN, Emanuel (Emmanuel)”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-689","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zbl.lzmk.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/689","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zbl.lzmk.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zbl.lzmk.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zbl.lzmk.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zbl.lzmk.hr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=689"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zbl.lzmk.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/689\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zbl.lzmk.hr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=689"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zbl.lzmk.hr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=689"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zbl.lzmk.hr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=689"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}